Public Access Specifier Example in Java

Introduction

Public Access Specifier is a classic Java console program that demonstrates the concept with complete source code and sample output. Access specifiers control visibility between classes, packages and subclasses.

This tutorial walks through the program line by line, explains how the logic works, and highlights best practices you can apply in your own code.

Definition

Access specifiers are keywords in object-oriented languages that set the accessibility of classes, methods, and other members. Access modifiers are a specific part of programming language syntax used to facilitate the encapsulation of components. The public accesses specifier gives access to the member function from outside the class. This part allows the programmer of a class to easily change the data member of the class.

Public Access Specifier Example Program

class Main{  
	public int num=789;  
	public void data(){
		System.out.println("She sells sea shells on the sea shore");
	}  
}  
class PublicAccessSpecifier{  
	public static void main(String args[]){  
		Main obj=new Main();  
		System.out.println(obj.num);
		obj.data();
	}  
}

Sample Output

789
She sells sea shells on the sea shore

When to use

Use this public access specifier example when learning or revising core Java syntax.

How it works

1. Execution begins in the main method — the JVM calls this method when you run the class.

2. A println / print call writes text to the console — part of the sample output below.

3. Main obj=new Main(); updates a variable used in the calculation or output.

4. A println / print call writes text to the console — part of the sample output below.

5. Compare your console output with the sample output for Public Access Specifier to confirm the program behaves correctly.

Best Practices

• Use meaningful variable and class names that describe their purpose.
• Compile and run the program locally — modify values to see how output changes.
• Read compiler errors carefully; they usually point to the exact line to fix.

Common Mistakes

• Copying code without understanding each line — practice by changing one statement at a time.
• Mismatching the public class name and the .java filename.
• Forgetting semicolons at the end of statements.